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The human trait of war (Muller, 1958) coalitionary killing is shared by our closest relatives, the chimpanzees (Wrangham, 1999), as well as with much smaller creatures (Lenski Riley, 2002; Wilson Holldobler, 2005). Among such species, cooperation among an in group can lead to hostility towards outgroups (Sapolsky, 2006). Other forms of often undesirable cooperation exist as well (Wiley, 1988; Nowell Laufer, 1997). Suicide bombing is a form of undesirable, altruistic cooperation. Terrorism and punishment are both purposeful violence (Butler, 2002) designed to change behavior. Altruistic punishment is a form of decentralized punishment (Orbell et al., 2004) which leads to cooperation over repeated encounters (Bender Mookherjee, 1987). Such deterrence can be successful even when multiple, potentially hostile groups compose a population (Afri, 2000). Some scientific work hints at analogues in controlled settings. Punishment has been observed in the lab even when it will not improve the material or social condition of the punisher (Boyd, Gintis, Bowles, Richardson, 2003). However, more must be done. Previous attempts to build a profile of suicide terrorism have failed (Sprinzak, 2000). The variety of environments in which suicide bombing is expressed (Ganguly, 1988; Keerawella Samarajiva, 1995; Talmon, 2005; Wald, 1984; Weiss, 2001) seems to be matched only by the variety of potential explanations (Allen, 2002; Adoni, 1997; Ball, 2002; Borneman, 2001; Lorber, 2002). Yet regardless of how the issue is framed (see Jenkins 1986; Kerry 1997; Bush, 2002) the need to know how to deter such adversaries is clear (Jervis, 2002; Yoo, 2003). Currently, there are only a few agreed upon characteristics of terrorists. Most terrorists are male (Thompson, 2006), and they are generally well educated, generally well off, and feel humiliated (Atran, 2003). This paper proposes a "Wary Guerrilla" type that can be identified in the laboratory. This type acts more similarly to a suicide bomber, punishers more harshly, than any gameplay type previously identified. If the wary guerrilla is shown to exist, our knowledge of how to fight terrorism is advanced. The Wary Guerrilla, a tdaxp series 1. Abstract 2. Terrorism4. An Experiment 5. Results 6. Absolute Guerrilla 7. Those Who Cause Less Pain 8. Future Research I remember reading something a few months ago that said that witnesses to a suicide bombing reported that the bomber was smiling just before he detonated. I suspect that the bombers, when they are on their mission, are not operating out of the ordinary state of consciousness, but rather are having a religious experience. They may in fact be experiencing a kind of spiritual ecstasy and perhaps that ecstasy is what they were seeking all along. Unfortunately the psychological study of religious experiences is a marginal area of study, which means that accepted psychological and sociological theories may be inadequate in attempting to understand the suicide bomber phenomena. Besides sticking black boxes in everyone's cars, I wonder if you could have participants play Grand Theft Auto, or perhaps some more complicated game [1,2]. I just finished watching Crash, an utterly amazing movie. About half way through I realized I could categorize most characters as one of the four behavior types I looked for in this study: wary cooperator, wary guerrilla, other cooperator, or other guerrilla. [3] My immediate concern is validating these types to classroom group projects, but extending them into other parts of real life would obviously be useful. Nike Roshe Run Reddish Brown White ,Men Nike Free Run 5.0 Turquoise Volt Fiberglass Anthracite Women Nike Free Run 2 Grey Pink White Nike Roshe Run Carton Blue Women Nike Free Run 2 Sail White Red Grey Women Nike Free Run 3 Total Orange Silver Platinum Volt Women Nike Free Run 2 Grey White Teal Blue Men Nike Free Run 3 Chrome Yellow Silver Platinum White Quilted Women Nike Free Run 4.0 V2 Stealth Reflective Silver Volt Men Nike Free 3.0 Soar Blue Pure Platinum Reflective Silver What is Plantar Fasciitis and How Do You Treat It?If your foot hurts when you try to walk on it, especially when you wake up in the morning, you may have Plantar Fasciitis. The heel hurts as it stretches to accommodate your weight. The plantar fascia is the thick band of tissue, or ligament, on the bottom of your foot that connects your heel to your toes. It is what creates the arch of your foot. If you overstretch or overuse this tissue, you may get an inflammation called plantar fasciitis. It is a very common condition, and can strike men and women. With the foot pain, you may start limping or walking differently to compensate, which will cause pain in other parts of the body, especially the knees, the hip joints, the back, and the muscles in the legs. Other people try to limit activity, which can also cause problems. There are ways you can treat it, both at home and at a doctor's office. Many methods of treatment are discussed in this article. if you have a tight Achilles tendon if your work requires you to stand or walk for long periods of time if your activities are strenuous to your feet, such as basketball Symptoms of Plantar Fasciitis This condition causes pain in the foot that can develop over time or come on suddenly. The pain tends to go away when you are not applying pressure to your foot and after your ligaments have gotten a chance to stretch. For me, it felt like a sharp pain, and when I looked up heel pain online, I thought it was a heel spur. It is more painful when you do these things: when you take your first steps in the morning after sleeping when you take your first steps during the day after sitting or standing for a while when you are climbing steps when you have walked for a while or done other intense activity Home Remedies to Relieve Foot PainIt takes a long time for your foot to heal; it can take anywhere from two months to two years. Fortunately though, there are many things you can do at home not only to relieve the pain and inflammation, but also to avoid further issues. You can try one or a combination of these methods to see which ones work best for your particular situation. Treat Inflammation with Ice and IbuprofenIce You can reduce the swelling by applying ice to your foot. The easiest way to do this is to take a can from the pantry and freeze it. You can then easily roll your foot on top of the can to ice it. I recommend taking the label off the can first, since the condensation will remove the label and it will pick up the dirt and fur from the carpet. You can also use a frozen water bottle. Stretching Exercise for Plantar FasciitisYou can use a frozen can or water bottle to ice and exercise your foot, as discussed previously. You can also roll your foot over a tennis ball. There are a variety of additional you can do to help increase the strength and mobility of the connecting tissue in your foot. Since you want to stretch the bottom of the foot, instead of pointing your toes out like a ballerina, you want to point them upwards towards your leg to flex your foot. In addition to stretching your foot, you also want to stretch and strengthen all of the muscles on the back of your legs, so that they do their share of the work. Avoid Causes of Foot PainIf you know that your plantar fasciitis was caused by something in particular, you will want take better care of your feet by stopping that action. This may mean that you will have to cut down on your high impact sports activities that require a lot of jumping. You can sit down whenever you get a chance to avoid long periods of standing. Don't exercise or walk barefoot on hard surfaces. If you do repetitive impact activities such as jogging, you may want to limit it to every other day and rest or cross train to give your feet a chance to rest. If you are overweight or obese, you will want to reduce your weight to reduce the load on your feet. Shoe InsertsYou can buy heel cup inserts for your shoes that will cushion and provide support for your heel. If you have high arches or flat feet, inserts that help support the arch as well is recommended. Even if you only have plantar fasciitis in one foot, I recommend getting and using the inserts for both feet. These inserts will not only help relieve the pain, but will also help avoid or reduce future problems with your feet. To try them out, you can just get one pair and move them when you change shoes. Once you realize how helpful they are, you may want to purchase several pairs so you can leave them in several pairs of shoes. Besides the ones that can be purchased over the counter, your podiatrist will also be able to provide prescription orthopedics that you can insert in your shoes. Proper FootwearIn order to avoid stressing out your feet in the future, it is important that you wear shoes that provide ample support for your foot, particularly the heel and the arch. Nike Roshe Run Reddish Brown White,Fast advanced to shoes today and you can acquisition an able bodied shoe for any blazon of athlete. From tennis shoes to soccer you will acquisition something that fits your needs. 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30 70 Off! Newest Classic Nike Roshe Run Reddish Brown White,Men Nike Free Run 2 Blue White Yellow Quilted Mitchell, of the 4900 block of 26th Street East in Bradenton, was not the type to get in major trouble with the law, said his aunt, Camille Johnson of Sarasota. Just because a law enforcement officer has a weapon out does not make it a big deal. Each officer can view different things from different perspectives. Some better than others. Sometimes just the mere fact of a funny tingle in the back of your neck. " you know the human instinct of fear that makes the hair stand up in the back of your neck" called a gut instinct will cause you to draw your weapon and place it behind your leg or downward. Usually those factors along with other things. The public tends to believe just because a weapon is unholstered it's a shoot situation. It's merely an officer presence no more. It gives you an advantage in the event you need it. Several questions to note. Why was this person driving in the first place? From the newspaper he had a suspended driver's license and a pending charge for just that. That is a jailable offense at the very least. why did the passenger bail and run? was he holding drugs or guns or wanted? What was the person doing in this part of town at this time of night? He is not from here. These are just questions I see from reading a article. people make choices and people make bad choices. Whether or not the officer was right to place himself in harms way will be dealt with by shooting review boards and etc. in summary no one has the right to try and harm a law enforcement officer merely doing his or her job. Something's to consider to arise on a stop. Location, high crime, subject not complying watch the officer's back etc. There a numerous reasons that I am sure are not posted on here. Oh and not every agency has dash mounted cameras in cars usually just DUI units etc. The ironic thing is all the forums to want answers. The agency does its investigation and releases it when concluded. Then it is sent to state attorney and Florida dept of le for outside review. The public is only entitled to information once the investigation is complete. Hope that helps Why would the officer have his weapon drawn???? I don't believe that anybody is trying to absolve the driver of the mistakes he made, but many of us are questioning the actions of the police officers. The passenger had just witnessed two police officers unnecessarily shooting his cousin to death. I imagine that he thought he might be next and was running for his life. If the President had a good, white, Christian middle name like 'Matthew', would the racists and bigots be calling him that? If he had a good, white, Christian last name like "O'Reilly", would they be calling him "U'Reilly"? jadams88 wrote:Yet, a simple google search (which I know you have done already), shows tons of articles/stories of officers and people getting hit/run over by vehicles. I guess you are just more athletic than everyone else. They don't write articles about those who got out of the way. You have failed to explain how shooting the driver (thus making the vehicle uncontrolled) instead of trying to get out of the way, is a safer option for the officer and innocent bystanders. The IACP recommends not shooting the occupants and getting out of the way. Why would you disagree with them? If the President had a good, white, Christian middle name like 'Matthew', would the racists and bigots be calling him that? If he had a good, white, Christian last name like "O'Reilly", would they be calling him "U'Reilly"? Chimayo' wrote:jadams88 wrote:Yet, a simple google search (which I know you have done already), shows tons of articles/stories of officers and people getting hit/run over by vehicles. I guess you are just more athletic than everyone else. They don't write articles about those who got out of the way. You have failed to explain how shooting the driver (thus making the vehicle uncontrolled) instead of trying to get out of the way, is a safer option for the officer and innocent bystanders. The IACP recommends not shooting the occupants and getting out of the way. Why would you disagree with them? Well, one, the IACP "recommends". It does not say "shall not, by any means, in every situation etc". Because I am sure the IACP "recommends" to not shoot at a vehicle "action movie style". By that I mean an officer standing in the middle of the roadway with a car speeding at them from a 1/4 mile away and the officer just standing there shooting away. Which is obviously dangerous to the community and everyone involed. Like I said, google search shows officers/people getting run over. So that shows you can't simply "get out of the way" so easily in every situation. Every situation is different. If it is shown these officers had plenty of time to get out of the way then of course they should be held accountable. Nike Roshe Run Reddish Brown White Many natural changes in fingers and toenails come with age. Fine ridges, for example, may start developing from the cuticle of the nail tip. This and other similar changes are common, but they are not signs of poor health. It can be caused by a somewhat large variety of fungi and it's typically painless for several years after initial infection. But,if left untreated, the condition will worsen and it'll be unbearable to even wear shoes or walk. Because fungi thrive in darkness,moist areas such as the inside of your shoes, Onychomycosis appears on toenails more often that fingernails. Like mold or mildew, these parasitic organisms live on dead things, which in this case is the dead nail tissue. Once the fungus is established on dead tissue, it excretes toxins into adjacent living tissue causing its death. As this tissue dies, it provides new ground for the fungus to expand. The risk of fungus infection of toenails is decreased using the same methods to decrease the risk of fungus infection of the skin on the feet. Here are some tips to maintain your feat dry and healthy: Indoors, avoid wearing shoes and consider wearing open footwear. Change shoes daily. Try alternating between at least 3 pairs of shoes allowing them time to dry out. Change socks whenever they become damp. Wear high top boots only when needed for work or other activities. Treat every foot fungus promptly. Some fungus require daily application of anti fungal creams to keep them away. If the fungus still appears go to your dermatologist to prescribe you both oral and topical treatments for Onychomycosis. Newer, safer and more effective medications are currently available due to nail fungus treatment advancing significantly over the past years. These medications are generally taken for three months. During that time, the medicine incorporates into the nail tissue preventing the fungus to expand. As the nail grows out normally, The diseased nail is displaced and removed.
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